Research suggest that canine cognition consist of multiple domains, including learning and problem solving, which contribute to a dog's ability to acquire new behaviors (Bognar et al., 2023). Understanding how dogs learn is important because training improves communication between dogs and their owners while helping dogs navigate their humans environment. 

Training success is influenced by characteristics of both dog and the owner. Previous research has shown that factors like owner involvement, time spent training and a dog's previous behavior can significantly influence training outcomes (Stevens et al., 2021). 

Benefits of Positive Reinforcement 

Positive Reinforcement is one of the most recommended training methods for all animals. In this approach, desirable behaviors are followed by a reward such as a treat, praise, or play, increasing the likelihood the behavior  will occur again in the future. Reward based training methods are widely considered effective while also supporting positive welfare (Castro et al., 2021). 

Measuring Learning Through Latency 

One method researchers use to evaluate learning is response Latency, which measures the amount of time between the cue and the animals behavioral response. As animals become more familiar with a task, response latency often decreases because association between the cue and the desired behavior becomes stronger. Response latency has been successfully used in canine cognition research to evaluate behavioral responses and learning performance (Starling et al., 2014). Dogs have also demonstrated the ability to learn complex and flexible behaviors, suggesting that they can adapt to new challenges and training situations (Willgohs et al., 2023).  

Hypothesis

Josie will demonstrate learning across training phases using positive reinforcement shaping, as evidence by decreased latency to complete tasks, increased task completion, and sustained engagement with the training activity over time. 

Can positive reinforcement shaping be used to teach Josie how to return toys to a designated bin?